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██ ██
█▌ - SUDO HEADACHE? - █▌
█▌ █▌
█ ▐▌
█ SUDO ERRORS: ▐▌
█ ```````````` ▐▌
█ 1. bash: sudo: command not found ▐▌
█ Debian doesn't come with sudo: ▐▌
█ su ▐▌
█ aptitude install sudo ▐▌
█ will reply: No /etc/sudoers found... creating one for you. ▐▌
█ exit ▐▌
█ ▐▌
█ 2. sudo: unable to resolve host yourserver.com ▐▌
█ Check if your 'hostname' is in your 'hosts' file, if not add it like this: ▐▌
█ Find out what your host name is: ▐▌
█ cat /etc/hostname ▐▌
█ For example reply will be similar to: ▐▌
█ ABC123abc.yourserver.com ▐▌
█ su ▐▌
█ hostname --fqdn ▐▌
█ reply: hostname: Unknown host ▐▌
█ ▐▌
█ pico /etc/hosts ▐▌
█ Has this: ▐▌
█ 127.0.0.1 localhost ▐▌
█ 208/87.33.151 ABC123abc.yourserver.com.yourserver.com ABC123abc ▐▌
█ ▐▌
█ # The following lines are desirable for IPv6 capable hosts ▐▌
█ ::1 ip6-localhost ip6-loopback ▐▌
█ fe00::0 ip6-localnet ▐▌
█ ff00::0 ip6-mcastprefix ▐▌
█ ff02::1 ip6-allnodes ▐▌
█ ff02::2 ip6-allrouters ▐▌
█ ff02::3 ip6-allhosts ▐▌
█ ▐▌
█ Add the reply from cat /etc/hostname to the 1st line, for example (use tab ▐▌
█ key for spaces): ▐▌
█ 127.0.0.1 localhost ABC123abc.yourserver.com ▐▌
█ 208/87.33.151 ABC123abc.yourserver.com.yourserver.com ABC123abc ▐▌
█ ▐▌
█ # The following lines are desirable for IPv6 capable hosts ▐▌
█ ::1 ip6-localhost ip6-loopback ▐▌
█ fe00::0 ip6-localnet ▐▌
█ ff00::0 ip6-mcastprefix ▐▌
█ ff02::1 ip6-allnodes ▐▌
█ ff02::2 ip6-allrouters ▐▌
█ ff02::3 ip6-allhosts ▐▌
█ ▐▌
█ now when you do: ▐▌
█ hostname --fqdn ▐▌
█ It should reply similar to: ▐▌
█ localhost ▐▌
█ ▐▌
█ exit ▐▌
█ ▐▌
█ 3. sudo -bash: Permission denied: ▐▌
█ To read about sudo and sudo users (q key to quit the man window): ▐▌
█ man sudo ▐▌
█ man sudoers ▐▌
█ Or if you would like to read it on line it's HERE. ▐▌
█ To find out if you are allowed to sudo: ▐▌
█ sudo -l ▐▌
█ If you are reply will be similar to: ▐▌
█ User yourname may run the following commands on this host: ▐▌
█ (ALL) NOPASSWD: ALL ▐▌
█ (ALL) ALL ▐▌
█ ▐▌
█ You can add yourself as admin or adm if you are in that group or add ▐▌
█ yourself as a user. ▐▌
█ To find out if you are in the admin group, whether it's admin OR adm, and ▐▌
█ while you are there you can add yourself/user's name to admin group if you ▐▌
█ need: ▐▌
█ su ▐▌
█ pico /etc/group ▐▌
█ Mine had this: ▐▌
█ adm:x:4: ▐▌
█ ▐▌
█ I changed it to: ▐▌
█ adm:x:4:mewbie ▐▌
█ ▐▌
█ ▐▌
█ Or you could: adduser user group, for example: ▐▌
█ adduser mewbie adm ▐▌
█ ▐▌
█ Now to add to users to the sudoers file ▐▌
█ To add user in admin group, add 1 of these lines: ▐▌
█ %admin ALL=(ALL) ALL ▐▌
█ OR ▐▌
█ %adm ALL=(ALL) ALL ▐▌
█ ▐▌
█ To add yourself as a user by adding this line (change username to your ▐▌
█ name): ▐▌
█ username ALL=(ALL) ALL ▐▌
█ ▐▌
█ visudo ▐▌
█ This will open /etc/sudoers.tmp and then put the changes into /etc/sudoers ▐▌
█ Do not edit that file directly, only use 'visudo'. ▐▌
█ I added for admins and myself. Mine in these sections had this: ▐▌
█ # Members of the admin group may gain root privileges ▐▌
█ ▐▌
█ # User privilege specification ▐▌
█ root ALL=(ALL) ALL ▐▌
█ ▐▌
█ # Uncomment to allow members of group sudo to not need a password ▐▌
█ # (Note that later entries override this, so you might need to move ▐▌
█ # it further down) ▐▌
█ # %sudo ALL=NOPASSWD: ALL ▐▌
█ ▐▌
█ ▐▌
█ I changed it to: ▐▌
█ # Members of the admin group may gain root privileges ▐▌
█ %adm ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD:ALL ▐▌
█ ▐▌
█ # User privilege specification ▐▌
█ root ALL=(ALL) ALL ▐▌
█ mewbie ALL=(ALL) ALL ▐▌
█ ▐▌
█ # Uncomment to allow members of group sudo to not need a password ▐▌
█ # (Note that later entries override this, so you might need to move ▐▌
█ # it further down) ▐▌
█ # %sudo ALL=NOPASSWD: ALL ▐▌
█ ▐▌
█ Save and exit by using Ctrl + X keys. ▐▌
█ To view your changes: ▐▌
█ cat /etc/sudoers ▐▌
█ ▐▌
█ Or to give admin rights to users: ▐▌
█ sudo usermod -G admin username ▐▌
█ exit ▐▌
█ ▐▌
█ HERE is an easy read for more information about sudo. ▐▌
█ ▐▌
█ //---------------------------------------------------------------------- ▐▌
█ ▐▌
█ If you find mistakes, have suggestions, and or questions please post at ▐▌
█ mewbies forum HERE - thank you. ▐▌
█ ▐▌
█ Last update on 14 Aug '09 ▐▌
█ ▐▌
█▌ █▌
█▌ - mewbies.com - █▌
█▌ █▌
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